Qataban was one of the ancient Yemeni kingdoms. Its heartland was located
in the Baihan valley. Like some other Southern Arabian kingdoms it gained
great wealth from the trade of frankincense and myrrh incense which were
burned at altars. The capital of Qataban was named Timna and was located
on the trade route which passed through the other kingdoms of Hadramaut,
Sheba and Ma'in. The chief deity of the Qatabanians was Amm, or "Uncle"
and the people called themselves the "children of Amm".

It was the most prominent Yemeni kingdom in the 2nd half of the 1st
millennium BCE, when its ruler held the title of the South Arabian
hegemon, MKRB.
